Noticed that too. I would watch phaser firefights in DS9 and wonder why those barrels didn't disappear. Just part of the way ST slowly turned into a Star Wars clone after Roddenberry died.
Here is my take on why it happened (real world, not fictional world): original Trek took its cultural cues from the Cold War. In 1966, war meant nukes, which meant instant annihilation (at least that was the perception). Therefore, combat in 1966 Trek was like that.
Trek in the 1990's reflected the conventional war mentality. Phasers essentially became handheld versions of the current perception of war.
However, they lost a lot of credibility with me, and contributed to the demise of Trek. I liked Star Wars a lot (the first three), but I didn't want Trek to acquire the same paradigm. However, it did and now it is apparently dead or dying. Just as well, it has changed beyond recognition. It's no longer the Star Trek I knew and loved.
"I'm willing to suspend my disbelief, not hang it by the neck until dead"
- Arthur Samuels
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