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On This Day in History


GhostDancer

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1850

Daniel Webster gave a three-hour speech endorsing the Compromise of 1850.

 

1876

Alexander Graham Bell received a patent for the telephone.

 

1936

Adolf Hitler broke the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Pact when he ordered troops to march into the Rhineland.

 

1945

During World War II, U.S. troops crossed the bridge at Remagen, the first incursion into Germany by Allied forces.

 

1965

Peaceful civil rights demonstrators marching from Selma, Ala., are brutally attacked with billy clubs and tear gas by police on the Edmund Pettus Bridge. The event is later called “Bloody Sunday.”

 

2004

V. Gene Robinson of New Hampshire was invested as the first openly gay Episcopal Church bishop.

 

2005

John R. Bolton was nominated by President Bush to be U.S. ambassador to the UN.

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International Women's Day!

1782

A peaceful settlement of Delaware Indians were massacred by militia at Gnadenhutten in Ohio.

 

1917

Russia's February Revolution, which eventually led to the overthrow the csarist government, began.

 

1945

Phyllis Mae Daley, the first African-American nurse to serve in World War II, received her U.S. Navy commission.

 

1948

The Supreme Court ruled that religious instruction in public schools violated the Constitution.

 

1950

The Soviet Union claimed to be in possession of the atomic bomb.

 

1965

First U.S. combat troops arrived in Vietnam.

 

1983

President Reagan called the USSR an "Evil Empire."

 

1999

Baseball Hall of Famer Joe DiMaggio died.

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1796

Napoleon Bonaparte married Josephine de Beauharnais, widow of a former French officer executed during the revolution.

 

1841

The Supreme Court ruled that the Amistad slaves were free.

 

1862

The first battle between two ironclad ships, the Monitor (Union) and Merrimack (Confederate) occurred, revolutionizing naval warfare.

 

1933

The special session of Congress known as the "100 days" opened, launching FDR's New Deal.

 

1964

U.S. Supreme Court issued N.Y. Times v. Sullivan ruling.

 

1990

Dr. Antonia Novello was sworn in as both the first Hispanic and woman to be U.S. surgeon general.

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1629

Charles I of England dissolves Parliament and rules alone for 11 years.

 

1785

Thomas Jefferson is appointed minister to France.

 

1848

Congress ratified the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the Mexican War.

 

1864

U. S. Grant became commander of the Union armies during the Civil War.

 

1876

The first telephone call ("Mr. Watson, come here. I want you.") was made by Alexander Graham Bell.

 

1948

The body of Jan Masaryk, Czechoslovakia's anti-Communist foreign minister was found. Officially a suicide, the real cause of death has never been proven.

 

1969

James Earl Ray was sentenced in Memphis, Tennessee, to 99 years in prison for the murder of Martin Luther King, Jr., in April 1968.

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1639

Cambridge College was renamed Harvard University.

 

1781

The German-born English astronomer Sir William Herschel discovered the planet Georgium Sidus, later known as Uranus.

 

1852

"Uncle Sam" cartoon appeared for the first time in N.Y. Lantern weekly.

 

1868

The Senate began President Andrew Johnson's impeachment trial.

 

1906

Suffragist Susan B. Anthony died.

 

1925

Tennessee passed a bill prohibiting the teaching of evolution in public schools.

 

1930

Clyde W. Tombaugh announced the discovery of the planet Pluto.

 

1972

Britain and China resumed full diplomatic relations after 22 years; Britain withdrew its consulate from Taiwan.

 

1996

A man shot dead 16 children and a woman teacher in a school in Dunblane, Scotland. He then shot himself.

 

2012

The Encyclopaedia Britannica discontinued its print edition after 244 years.

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1743

The first town meeting was held in Boston, Massachusetts, at Faneuil Hall.

 

1794

The cotton gin was patented by Eli Whitney.

 

1939

The Republic of Czechoslovakia was dissolved, soon to be occupied by the Nazis.

 

1950

The FBI’s “Ten Most Wanted Fugitives” list made its debut.

 

1958

Perry Como's single "Catch a Falling Star" became the first RIAA gold record.

 

1964

Jack Ruby was found guilty of the murder of Lee Harvey Oswald, alleged assassin of President John F. Kennedy.

 

1990

The Soviet Congress voted Mikhail Gorbachev into the newly-created and powerful position of president.

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1762

The first St. Patrick's Day parade was held in New York City.

 

1776

British forces evacuated Boston during the Revolutionary War.

 

1870

Wellesley Female Seminary (later Wellesley College) received its charter from the Massachusetts legislature.

 

1942

Gen. Douglas MacArthur became supreme commander of Allied forces in the southwest Pacific theater during World War II.

 

1963

Mount Agung on Bali erupted, killing 1,184 people.

 

1969

Golda Meir was sworn in as prime minister of Israel.

 

2003

President Bush delivered an ultimatum to Saddam Hussein: leave Iraq within 48 hours or face an attack.

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1602

The Dutch East India Company was established. During its 196-year history, it became one of the world's most powerful companies.

 

1727

English physicist/astronomer Sir Isaac Newton died in London at age 84.

 

1852

Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was published.

 

1969

John Lennon married Yoko Ono in Gibraltar.

 

1985

Libby Riddles became the first woman to win the Iditarod.

 

1990

Namibia becomes an independent nation.

 

1995

Two members of the Japanese cult Aum Sinrikyo released poisonous gas in a Tokyo subway stop during rush hour, killing 12 people and sending over 5,000 to the hospital for treatment.

 

1999

Bertrand Piccard and Brian Jones became the first to fly a hot-air balloon nonstop around the world.

 

2003

Ground troops entered Iraq and a second round of air strikes against Baghdad was launched.

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1556

The Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, was burned at the stake as a heretic.

 

1804

The French civil code, the Code Napoleon, was officially put forth.

 

1871

Journalist Henry M. Stanley began his trek to find the missionary and explorer David Livingstone.

 

1960

Police fired on demonstrators in Sharpeville, South Africa, after which the African National Congress was banned. 25 years later, a march marking the anniversary was also disrupted by police fire.

 

1963

Alcatraz Prison in San Francisco Bay, a harsh maximum security jail which once housed gangster Al Capone, closed.

 

1965

Martin Luther King, Jr., led the start of a civil rights march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama.

 

2010

The House of Representatives passes a bill that will overhaul the American health-care system. The bill, called the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, will be sent to President Obama to sign into law.

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1765

The Stamp Act was enacted on the American colonies by Britain.

1820

U.S. naval hero Stephen Decatur was killed in a duel with dishonored former Chesapeake captain James Barron.

1894

The first Stanley Cup championship game was played. The Montreal Amateur Athletic Association (which won the cup unchallenged the previous year) triumphed over the Ottawa Capitals.

1895

Auguste and Louis Lumiere first demonstrated motion pictures using celluloid film in Paris.

1945

The Arab League was formed in Cairo, by EgyptIraqJordanLebanon, and Syria.

1972

Congress approved the Equal Rights Amendment and sent it to be ratified by the states. The amendment would fail to get the required 38 states to ratify it.

1997

Comet Hale-Bopp made its closest approach to Earth in the skies over the northern hemisphere. The comet’s next pass is predicted for the year 4397.

2012

Amadou Toumani Touré, The President of Mali, was ousted in a coup d'état.

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1775

Patrick Henry declared "Give me liberty, or give me death."

1806

Lewis and Clark began their return journey east.

1919

Benito Mussolini founded his own party in Italy, the Fasci di Combattimento.

1983

U.S. President Ronald Reagan proposed a space-based missile defense system called the Strategic Defense Initiative or “Star Wars.”

1998

The motion picture epic “Titanic” won 11 Oscars at the 70th Academy Awards, tying it with “Ben-Hur” for the most ever.

2001

Russia's Mir space station ended its 15-year orbit of the Earth, splashing down in the South Pacific.

2003

A U.S. Army convoy was ambushed in Iraq with 11 killed and seven captured, including Pfc. Jessica Lynch.

2010

President Barack Obama signed a health-care overhaul bill, called the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, into law.

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1603

Queen Elizabeth I died at age 69 after ruling England for more than 40 years.

 

1882

Robert Koch announced the discovery of the tuberculosis bacillus.

 

1949

Laurence Olivier's Hamlet became the first British film to win an Oscar.

 

1958

Rock 'n' roll star Elvis Presley joined the U.S. army for two years.

 

1989

In one of worst oil spills in recent history, the tanker, Exxon Valdez, ran aground and released 240,000 barrels of oil into Prince William Sound.

 

1999

NATO begins launching air strikes in an attempt to force Serbia to cease hostilities against ethnic Albanians in Kosovo.

 

2002

Halle Berry became the first African-American actress to win a best actress Oscar and Denzel Washington became the second African-American actor to get the best actor award.

 

2004

The notorious Bird family's more than half-century stronghold on the nation of Antigua and Barbudacame to an end when Baldwin Spencer won the post of prime minister in the general election.

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1794

Congress authorizes the construction of six frigates, including the Constitution (Old Ironsides), for the U.S. Navy.

1866

President Andrew Johnson vetoed a civil rights bill which later became the 14th amendment.

1884

The first long-distance telephone call was made, between Boston and New York.

1917

The Seattle Metropolitans became the first U.S. hockey team to win the Stanley Cup.

1958

Nikita Khrushchev became Soviet premier and first secretary of the Communist Party.

1964

A 9.2 magnitude earthquake hit 80 miles east of Anchorage, Alaska, killing 117 and producing a 50-foot tsunami that traveled over 8,000 miles.

1977

Pan American and KLM Boeing 747s collided on a runway in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands. The 542 people killed is the highest ever for an aviation disaster.

2001

A federal judge ruled that the University of Michigan’s affirmative action policy was invalid, a ruling that later would be reversed in an appeal.  Later yet, 

the Supreme Court upheld the Michigan ban on considering race in college admissions.
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1797

Nathaniel Briggs patented a washing machine.

1930

The cities of Constantinople and Angora changed names to Istanbul and Ankara, Turkey. Pictured above is the Blue Mosque of Instanbul.

1939

The Spanish Civil War ended.

1941

Author Virginia Woolf drowned herself.

1979

Nuclear power plant accident at Three Mile Island, near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.

2000

Supreme Court rules unanimously that an anonymous tip does not justify a stop-and-frisk action against a person.

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1848

For the first time in recorded history, Niagara Falls stopped flowing. An ice jam in the Niagara River above the rim of the falls caused the water to stop.

1867

The North America Act was passed by the British parliament, creating the dominion of Canada.

1951

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were found guilty of passing atomic secrets to the Russians and were sentenced to death.

1971

Lt. William Calley was convicted of murdering 22 Vietnamese civilians in the My Lai massacre.

1973

The last U.S. troops left South Vietnam.

1999

The Dow Jones industrial average closed above 10,000 for the first time, at 10,006.78.

2002

Israel declared Yasir Arafat an enemy.

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1842

Anesthesia was used for the first time in an operation.

1856

The Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the Crimean War.

1867

A treaty for the purchase of Alaska from Russia for the sum of $7.2 million, approximately two cents an acre, was submitted to the U.S. Senate.

1870

The 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution went into effect, guaranteeing the right to vote regardless of race.

 

1902 

One of George Herriman's eccentric pre-Krazy characters was first seen in the papers, Professor Otto & His Auto.

 

1964

The game show Jeopardy debuted on television.

1981

President Ronald Reagan was shot in the chest by John Hinckley as he left a Washington hotel.

2002

The Queen Mother Elizabeth of England died at the age of 101.

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