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The Non Sequitor Thread


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Caulk for sealing sinks, showers, etc., begins as a fluid with a viscosity about 5000 times that of water. It is sold in tubes which have a snout end and a piston end. When you apply the caulk, you apply force to the piston (F in the diagram) to make the caulk come out the snout (at the right in the diagram). Assuming the piston is 0.03 m in diameter, and the snout is 0.10 m long and 0.01 m in diameter, what force must you apply to the piston to make the caulk come out at 1 cm3 per second? (10 points)

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Estimate the size of impactor needed to boil away Earth's oceans.

 

Initially, you will need to estimate the energy needed to do that.  Assume the Earth's oceans cover 3/4 of its surface and are a uniform 3 km deep, and that they are at their maximum-density temperature for (pure) liquid water at standard pressure.  With water's specific heat and latent head of vaporization, this lets you compute the energy.

 

The only source of energy is the kinetic energy of the impactor.  Two cases are worth exploring: an asteroidal planetesimal with a density of about 3 metric tons per cubic meter and an impact velocity of about 25 km/s; and a cometary impactor with a density of about 1 metric ton per cubic meter and an impact velocity of 60 km/s.

 

Obviously not all the impactor's KE goes into boiling water, but the fraction is unlikely to be less than 5 to 10%, so assume an impactor mass ten times that needed to get ten times the "boil-away energy" computed in the first paragraph.  Compute both the impactor mass and impactor radius of spherical objects in the two cases.

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