Re: Modelling Explosives : TNT
As far as lifting mass goes, the FAA Human Factor Design Standard (HFDS) gives numbers for a 5th and 95th percentile lifting of weight to a height of 100cm. For males the values were 444.4 N and 931.0 N (average) and for females the values were 185.0 N and 443.0 N. If we assume the 50th percentile lies midway between the two extremes, the 100cm lifting strength for a STR 8 character is 687.7 N (male) or 314 N (female). Since the game mechanics don't differentiate between genders, let's go with the value of 687.7 N or 154.6 lb. So the work would be 688 N-m (70 kg-m) or 507 ft-lb.
The 4184 J per gram of TNT is a defined unit. Although you found it on Wikipedia, it is indeed correct.
The true destructive power of TNT is indeed its power (J/sec or Watts). TNT actually has a relatively low energy content per kilogram (4.184 MJ/kg). For comparison, the combustion of air-dried wood yields 15.5 MJ/kg, anthracite coal 31.4 MJ/kg, propane 50.3 MJ/kg. The advantage of TNT is that it doesn't need air to combust and the combustion rate is much higher.