Re: Sky Scorcher 1 megaton air-to-air missile (1956)
I vaguely remember another reason why huge nuclear weapons were problematic.
Nuclear detonations radiate their destructive energy isotropically, that is, in a sphere. So if your target approximates a two dimensional plane (like a city or a formation of bombers at a given altitude), any energy that does not intersect the plane is wasted. That is, if you target the center of the formation, any blast that goes up or down is wasted. Which is a large percentage of the blast.
In order to minimize waste, instead of a 1 megaton detonation, it is more optimal to divide the attack into, say, 100 ten-kiloton detonations evenly distributed in the the plane of the target. More of the blast is concentrated in the target plane, less is wasted.
Or so I remembered.