Re: Planetary Magnetic Field Question
You'll get aurorae around the magnetic poles, wherever those are. Aurorae are caused by solar wind particles making it down to the upper atmosphere and making the gas aoms there fluoresce. The magnetic field is usually strong enough stand these particles off. Except, with the usual dipole field, those particles are actually funneled into ring-shaped areas around the magnetic poles at the top of the atmosphere.
If the magnitude of the magnetic field is more or less the same after changing the world's orientation, then I don't think it's any less effective in standing off radiation.
FWIW, the geomagnetic field reverses fairly frequently, in a geological (not human) sense. Right now the main magnetic field of Earth is weakening at a detectable rate, and there is strong suspicion that we are heading toward another reversal event. (The timescale for this is much longer than a human lifetime ... on the order of the next million years or so.)
IMO having the magnetic pole on the dynamical equator would actually aid navigation. Getting your latitude is the easy part of navigating by the stars; the magnetic compass as it is now is an aid to that, since it helps you tell which way is north (maintaining your bearing) while it's cloudy. If the compass points toward the magnetic pole and that's on the equator somewhere, then you get an indirect handle on longitude from that, something you didn't have before. To see what I mean, start with a globe with only lines of latitude drawn on it. Now pick the magnetic poles, and in a different color ink, draw circles of "magnetic latitude", that is, equal distance from the magnetic pole. One that's done, look at it, and note that on any given line of ordinary latitude (except the equator, if you put the magnetic poles on the equator), there is a variation in the direction of "magnetic west" (the direction toward the magnetic pole) everywhere on the line of latitude. That means that if you know your latitude (which you do from the stars), then the difference in direction between celestial north and magnetic north provides you with some information about where you are on your circle of longitude. Depending on where you are, it may not be much information, but it's more than the pre-1600 navigators had.
The geodynamo is an insanely complex bit of physics, but it works because a part of the planet's core is liquid, electrically conductive, convecting, and rotating. Because it's liquid, it wouldn't necessarily be strongly bound to the solid part of the Earth by whatever cataclysm knocked the mantle/crust sideways. There's a good deal of coupling between core and lithosphere, of course, but I'd need to look up some stuff and push numbers around to say more.